umakhi
umakhi usebenza ekuhleleni nasekwenziweni kwesakhiwo noma isakhiwo. Abaklami bayakwazi ukuhlaziya imiqondo noma imibono yamakhasimende abo futhi benze namaphrojekthi okwakha ahlukile asuselwa kubo.
Umsebenzi womakhi wezakhiwo ungahluka: abanye basebenza ngokukhethekile ekwakheni izakhiwo zokuhlala noma zezentengiso, abanye bagxila ekubonweni komhlaba, ekuhleleni amadolobha, ngaphakathi nasekwenziweni okuhlaza okotshani. Kukhona negatsha lezakhiwo ezisebenza nezikhungo zezimboni.
Ngezansi sizobhekisisa imisebenzi emibili - umklami wezangaphakathi futhi umakhi wezwe. Ngamunye wabo unezici zakhe ezithile futhi udinga amakhono nolwazi oluhlukile.
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Umakhi wezwe
Abaklami bomhlaba bangakhombisa ubuhle bezikhala zangaphandle, kepha bachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi emahhovisi, bedala futhi beguqula amapulani, belungiselela ukulinganisa kwezindleko namaklayenti emihlangano. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi abaklami bemvelo abachithi isikhathi ezindaweni zabo zomsebenzi noma esizeni lapho kuthuthukiswa khona iprojekthi yabo.
Abaklami bemvelo abaningi basebenza embonini yezokwakha nezobunjiniyela. Abanye babo basebenzela izinkampani zensizakalo ezisebenza ngokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zomhlaba.
Amakhono kanye nekhono lomakhi wezakhiwo zomhlaba
Ukuze uphumelele, umakhi wezakhiwo zomhlaba kufanele abe namakhono athambile alandelayo nezimpawu zomuntu siqu:
- ubuciko - kuzokuvumela ukuthi udwebe izikhala ezinhle ezingaphandle ezizophinde zisebenze
- ukulalela okusebenzayo - lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uqonde izidingo nezifiso zamakhasimende
- ukuxhumana ngamazwi - umakhi kufanele akwazi ukudlulisela imininingwane kumakhasimende akhe
- ukucabanga okubucayi - abakhi bomhlaba kudingeka bathathe izinqumo futhi baxazulule izinkinga, futhi amakhono aqinile wokucabanga azokhomba izixazululo ezikhona bese ezihlola ngaphambi kokukhetha okuhle
- ikhompyutha yokufunda - ubuchwepheshe budlala indima enkulu kulo msebenzi, kufaka phakathi isoftware efana neCADD yokulungiselela imodeli kanye neGeographic Information Systems
Imisebenzi nezibopho zomakhi wezakhiwo zomhlaba
Lo msebenzi uvame ukubandakanya ukuhlangana kwamakhasimende, onjiniyela, nabakhi bezakhiwo kanye nokunakekela lobu budlelwano ukuveza izisombululo ezingaba khona ezinkingeni futhi bakhombe nezidingo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukucabanga ngezinto zemvelo ezinjengokudonsa nokutholakala kwamandla lapho usebenza. Alikho ipaki elizokwakhiwa ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwamasu esiza kanye nezethulo zesithombe zamacebo kusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kwekhompyutha nosizo lokukhiqiza (i-CADD). Umdwebi wezakhiwo zomhlaba futhi ulungiselela ukulinganisa kwezindleko futhi abheke isabelozimali sephrojekthi. Akuwona neze umsebenzi wedeski.
Bheka futhi: Ukwakhiwa kwamadolobha amancane
Umakhi wezakhiwo zangaphakathi
Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala
Abaqambi bezinto zasekhaya basebenza eduze namakhasimende ukuthola izidingo zabo nezifiso zabo zekamelo elithile noma ikhaya lonke. Kwezinye izimo, banikela ngobuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi entsha yokwakha. Zisiza nokwakha indawo eyodwa yokuhlala ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Ama-oda amaningi abandakanya ukuhlangana kwamakhasimende izikhathi eziningana, ukudala umklamo, nokunikeza izinketho zefenisha, amasampula opende, ukubeka phansi nokukhethwa kokukhanyisa.
Idizayini yezentengiselwano
Njengokwakhiwa kwefulethi, ukwakhiwa kwezentengiso kulandela inqubo efanayo kepha ngezinga elikhudlwana. Abaqambi bezangaphakathi bezentengiselwano bahlaziya ukusebenza, ukuqina, isithombe somkhiqizo wamakhasimende nezici zemvelo zebhizinisi. Amaphrojekthi kufanele ahlangabezane nesabelomali samakhasimende nezidingo zesikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, abaklami bezentengiso badinga ukudala umklamo ovumela umsebenzi ukuthi uqhubeke phakathi kokufakwa.
Iphothifoliyo yezakhiwo
Iphothifoliyo kumane kungumbhalo odlulisela indaba yobungcweti ngomfanekiso, umbhalo, ukwakheka nefomethi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zazo njengoba kunabantu abaqhuba lo msebenzi. Iphothifoliyo ingaba yedijithali ngokuphelele, i-analog ngokuphelele, noma inhlanganisela yalokhu okubili. Umnyango wezeMithombo Yabasebenzi wenkampani yakho ungahle ufune okufakiwe kwedijithali, okulethwe ngengosi yewebhu.
Iphothifoliyo enhle iqukethe amaphrojekthi amahle. Uma kukhona abaningi babo kwi-akhawunti yomklami noma yomakhi, kungcono. Isipiliyoni sidlala indima enkulu kulo msebenzi.
Izindaba zokusebenzisana
Abaqambi baklama izindlu, izakhiwo nezinye izinto. Le miklamo isetshenziselwa izakhiwo ezintsha, ukulungisa kabusha, ukulungisa kabusha nokwanda kwezindawo ezikhona. Baphinde babamba iqhaza elikhulu ezinhlelweni zokuhlela kabusha, ukulungisa kabusha, nokulungisa izakhiwo ezichithekile noma ezilimele, kubandakanya izakhiwo ezivikelwe, izindawo zokuhlala kanye nezigodlo. Umdwebi ubandakanyeka kuyo yonke inqubo yokwakha, kusukela kumiklamo yokuqala, imidwebo kanye namamodeli wesiphakamiso, ezinguquko ezisekelweni zezidingo zamakhasimende. Umdwebi usebenza ngokubambisana nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwakha kulo lonke iphrojekthi, enikela ngokufakwa okubucayi emininingwane emincane kakhulu, aze afike ekuhlolweni kokugcina nasekuvunyelweni.
Bheka futhi: Umthetho wokwakha nobuncane bezakhiwo
Uhola malini umakhi?
Amaholo ancike kakhulu endaweni yomsebenzi kanye nezinga lesipiliyoni. Abaklami abasha abanamakhono angenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ehlukahlukene, njengokuqamba amaphrojekthi, ukuvakashela amasayithi wephrojekthi, nokubika kumklami obhekele iphrojekthi.
Njengomakhi wezakhiwo ozisebenzelayo ungathembela ezingeni elithile lenkululeko ngokuya ngamahora okusebenza nokukhethwa kwephrojekthi. Inani lomsebenzi wehhovisi nokuklama kwangempela kukhula ngesipiliyoni esandayo nokuzethemba.
Njengoba isipiliyoni sikhula nemithwalo yemfanelo ishintsha, kanjalo nomholo. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukusho ngokungathandeki ukuthi umakhi uhola malini.
Bheka futhi: Ukuhlelwa kwamadolobha - kuyini ngempela?
